Juxtaposition (noun) - an act or instance of placing close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast.
* side by side - check
* contrast - check
If the chess pieces look a bit distorted it's because they are. It has nothing to do with the camera and the lens.
Two lights, one reflector and some flags.
Main light: hotshoe flash in small softbox (25x25cm) at camera left, slightly to the back.
Background light: another hotshoe flash, flagged/restricted from the camera right to achieve the gradient background.
Reflector at camera right, just out of the frame, to fill the shadow side of the white king.
Lots of trial and error to get the gradient on the background right.
Almost no postprocessing. Basic straighten/crop, dust removal, contrast, clarity and curves/levels only. All done in Nikon's Capture NX-D, my new RAW processing tool.
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Nicely done, and congrats on the HM! Yes, the BG is very nicely done. I have enough trouble lighting the main subject let alone setting something like this up :)