Well, for one, I know that this phenomenon is known as a "double-rainbow" where a second fainter rainbow appears with the colors of the spectrum in reverse order.
The light and dark may have been done using selective metering or possibly a graduated neutral density filter to really hold back the exposure of the photograph.
I've seen this photo before. double rainbow is real, but the bright semi-circle under the main rainbow is not, most likely selected that area in Photoshop and simply increased brightness ther and/or decreased brightness outside.
I love the effect of light/dark/rainbows etc. How did they achieve this??
EXIF is intact. Taken with a 10.5mm Fish F2.8 at a shutter speed of 1/250. Camera was a D70. Edited with Adobe Photoshop Elements. Taken/edited in February 2006. I don't think a lot was done to this image. Can Elements de-fish???
No filter needed. It's a natural effect when you take a picture of a rainbow, especially when there is a secondary rainbow, for the upper sky to be darker then the sky under the rainbow. I will post an example of a rainbow that I took in Hawaii, I had the same effect.
Here is my rainbow pic from Maui,straight from the camera, all 25 images from this photo op have the light blue / dark blue. No filters, other than UV was used.
i took a similar shot, with similar light, that I cant find at the moment, but it was all natural light. No filters even..just Mother Nature at her finest : )
it is very possible for the under part to be brighter, especially if maybe the sun just happened to poke out of some clouds long enough to make this. The angle of the shadow on the tree and such looks like that is how it happens. Very beautiful image.
though the secondary one isn't real obvious the sky was darker above the rainbows than below them. essex vermont. two photos shot at 18mm and stitched together.